Khakas (хакас тілі, khakas tįlį, тадар тілі, tadar tįlį) is a Turkic language native to Russia, spoken in the Republic of Khakassia by 42,000 out of 73,000 Khakas people; most of these people are bilingual in Russian. It is traditionally divided into several closely related dialects. These dialects take their names from the different tribes (Sagay, Kacha, Koybal, Beltir, and Kyzyl).
A language that is close to modern Khakas is Fuyu Kyrgyz (Fuyü Gïrgïs, also known as Manchurian Kirghiz).
| Vowels | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Front | Back | |||
| Close | i ⟨и⟩ iː ⟨ии⟩ |
y ⟨ӱ⟩ yː ⟨ӱӱ⟩ |
ɯ ⟨ы⟩ ɯː ⟨ыы⟩ |
u ⟨у⟩ uː ⟨уу⟩ |
| Mid | e ⟨е⟩ eː ⟨ее⟩ |
ø ⟨ӧ⟩øː ⟨ӧӧ⟩ |
o ⟨о⟩ oː ⟨оо⟩ | |
| Open | a ⟨а⟩ aː ⟨аа⟩ |
|||
| Consonants | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Labial | Dental | Palatal | Velar | ||
| Nasal | m ⟨м⟩ | n ⟨н⟩ | ŋ ⟨ң⟩ | ||
| Plosive/ Affricate |
voiceless | p ⟨п⟩ | t ⟨т⟩ | t͡ʃ ⟨ч⟩ | k ⟨к⟩ |
| voiced | b ⟨б⟩ | d ⟨д⟩ | d͡ʒ ⟨ӌ⟩ | ɡ ⟨г⟩ | |
| Fricative | voiceless | f ⟨ф⟩ | s ⟨с⟩ | ʃ ⟨ш⟩ | x ⟨х⟩ |
| voiced | v ⟨в⟩ | z ⟨з⟩ | ʒ ⟨ж⟩ | ɣ ⟨ғ⟩ | |
| Rhotic | r ⟨р⟩ | ||||
| Approximant | l ⟨л⟩ | j ⟨й⟩ | |||
Both of these tables were made by me, though the text they contain was snatched from Wikipedia.
There are very few resources for Khakas, and even fewer of those resources are in English; most of them are in Russian. I will only be listing the ones that are in English, but you can find the other ones online if you need.